{"id":7400,"date":"2025-12-11T17:49:19","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T10:49:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/?p=7400"},"modified":"2025-12-11T17:49:33","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T10:49:33","slug":"the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries chi ti\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_66_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >N\u1ed9i dung ch&iacute;nh<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #28282d;color:#28282d\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #28282d;color:#28282d\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#I_De_bai_The_Concept_of_Childhood_in_Western_Countries\" title=\"I. \u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries\">I. \u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#II_Tu_vung_can_nho_trong_bai_The_Concept_of_Childhood_in_Western_Countries\" title=\"II. T\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb trong b\u00e0i The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries\">II. T\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb trong b\u00e0i The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#III_Giai_chi_tiet_The_Concept_of_Childhood_in_Western_Countries\" title=\"III. Gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries\">III. Gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_1_FALSE\" title=\"Question 1. FALSE\">Question 1. FALSE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_2_FALSE\" title=\"Question 2. FALSE\">Question 2. FALSE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_3_TRUE\" title=\"Question 3. TRUE\">Question 3. TRUE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_4_NOT_GIVEN\" title=\"Question 4. NOT GIVEN\">Question 4. NOT GIVEN<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_5_FALSE\" title=\"Question 5. FALSE\">Question 5. FALSE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_6_NOT_GIVEN\" title=\"Question 6. NOT GIVEN\">Question 6. NOT GIVEN<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_7_TRUE\" title=\"Question 7. TRUE\">Question 7. TRUE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_8_history_of_childhood\" title=\"Question 8. history of childhood\">Question 8. history of childhood<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_9_miniature_adults\" title=\"Question 9. miniature adults\">Question 9. miniature adults<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_10_industrialisation\" title=\"Question 10. industrialisation\">Question 10. industrialisation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_11_the_Factory_Act\" title=\"Question 11. the Factory Act\">Question 11. the Factory Act<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_12_play_and_education\" title=\"Question 12. play and education\">Question 12. play and education<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries\/#Question_13_classroom\" title=\"Question 13. classroom\">Question 13. classroom<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IELTS Recent Actual Tests Vol 6 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n luy\u1ec7n thi IELTS tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y <a href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/\"><strong>The Catalyst for English<\/strong><\/a> s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft cho b\u00e0i Reading Test 1, Passage 1: The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00ec sao c\u00e2u \u0111\u00fang hay sai v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f9ng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"I_De_bai_The_Concept_of_Childhood_in_Western_Countries\"><\/span><b>I. \u0110\u1ec1 b\u00e0i The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The history of childhood has been a heated topic in social history since the highly influential book Centuries of Childhood\u2019, written by French historian Philippe Aries, emerged in 1960. He claimed that \u2018childhood\u2019 is a concept created by modern society.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Whether childhood is itself a recent invention has been one of the most intensely debated issues in the history of childhood. Historian Philippe Aries asserted that children were regarded as miniature adults, with all the intellect and personality that this implies, in Western Europe during the Middle Ages (up to about the end of the 15th century). After scrutinising medieval pictures and diaries, he concluded that there was no distinction between children and adults for they shared similar leisure activities and work; However, this does not mean children were neglected, forsaken or despised, he argued. The idea of childhood corresponds to awareness about the peculiar nature of childhood, which distinguishes the child from adult, even the young adult. Therefore, the concept of childhood is not to be confused with affection for children.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Traditionally, children played a functional role in contributing to the family income in the history. Under this circumstance, children were considered to be useful. Back in the Middle Ages, children of 5 or 6 years old did necessary chores for their parents. During the 16th century, children of 9 or 10 years old were often encouraged or even forced to leave their family to work as servants for wealthier families or apprentices for a trade.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the 18th and 19th centuries, industrialisation created a new demand for child labour; thus many children were forced to work for a long time in mines, workshops and factories. The issue of whether long hours of labouring would interfere with children\u2019s growing bodies began to perplex social reformers. Some of them started to realise the potential of systematic studies to monitor how far these early deprivations might be influencing children\u2019s development.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The concerns of reformers gradually had some impact upon the working condition of children. For example, in Britain, the Factory Act of 1833 signified the emergence of legal protection of children from exploitation and was also associated with the rise of schools for factory children. Due partly to factory reform, the worst forms of child exploitation were eliminated gradually. The influence of trade unions and economic changes also contributed to the evolution by leaving some forms of child labour redundant during the 19th century. Initiating children into work as \u2018useful\u2019 children was no longer a priority, and childhood was deemed to be a time for play and education for all children instead of a privileged minority. Childhood was increasingly understood as a more extended phase of dependency, development and learning with the delay of the age for starting full-time work- Even so, work continued to play a significant, if less essential, role in children\u2019s lives in the later 19th and 20th centuries. Finally, the \u2018useful child\u2019 has become a controversial concept during the first decade of the 21st century, especially in the context of global concern about large numbers of children engaged in child labour.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The half-time schools established upon the Factory Act of 1833 allowed children to work and attend school. However, a significant proportion of children never attended school in the 1840s, and even if they did, they dropped out by the age of 10 or 11. By the end of the 19th century in Britain, the situation changed dramatically, and schools became the core to the concept of a \u2018normal\u2019 childhood.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is no longer a privilege for children to attend school and all children are expected to spend a significant part of their day in a classroom. Once in school, children\u2019s lives could be separated from domestic life and the adult world of work. In this way, school turns into an institution dedicated to shaping the minds, behaviour and morals of the young. Besides, education dominated the management of children\u2019s waking hours through the hours spent in the classroom, homework (the growth of \u2018after school\u2019 activities), and the importance attached to parental involvement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Industrialisation, urbanisation and mass schooling pose new challenges for those who are responsible for protecting children\u2019s welfare, as well as promoting their learning. An increasing number of children are being treated as a group with unique needs, and are organised into groups in the light of their age. For instance, teachers need to know some information about what to expect of children in their classrooms, what kinds of instruction are appropriate for different age groups, and what is the best way to assess children\u2019s progress. Also, they want tools enabling them to sort and select children according to their abilities and potential.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Questions 1-7<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do the following statements agree with the information give in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, write<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TRUE if the statement is true<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">FALSE if the statement is false<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Aries pointed out that children did different types of work to adults during the Middle Ages.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Working children during the Middle Ages were generally unloved.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Some scientists thought that overwork might damage the health of young children.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The rise of trade unions majorly contributed to the protection of children from exploitation in the 19th century.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> With the aid of half-time schools, most children went to school in the mid-19th century.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In the 20th century, almost all children needed to go to school with a full-time schedule.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Nowadays, children\u2019s needs are much differentiated and categorised based on how old they are.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Questions 8-13<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Answer the questions below.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Choose <\/span><b>NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the passage for each answer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> What had not become a hot topic until the French historian Philippe Aries\u2019 book caused great attention?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> According to Aries, what was the typical image of children in Western Europe during the Middle Ages?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> What historical event generated the need for a large number of children to work for a long time in the 18th and 19th centuries?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> What bill was enacted to protect children from exploitation in Britain in the 1800s?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Which activities were becoming regarded as preferable for almost all children in the 19th century?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In what place did children spend the majority of time during their day in school?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"II_Tu_vung_can_nho_trong_bai_The_Concept_of_Childhood_in_Western_Countries\"><\/span><b>II. T\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb trong b\u00e0i <\/b><b>The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y TCE s\u1ebd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2u quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ghi nh\u1edb khi luy\u1ec7n b\u00e0i n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 98.7584%; height: 1456px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>T\u1eeb<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>\u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heated topic<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i\/n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Highly influential<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Emerged (v)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, ra \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concept (n)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intensely debated issues<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh lu\u1eadn gay g\u1eaft<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Asserted (v)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Miniature adults<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn thu nh\u1ecf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scrutinising (v)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Distinction between A and B<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa A v\u00e0 B<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neglected, forsaken or despised<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ecb b\u1ecf b\u00ea, b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb khinh mi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peculiar nature<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t\/\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Functional role<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\/h\u1eefu \u00edch<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trade (n)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Perplex (v)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u00e0m b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i, l\u00e0m kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Systematic studies<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deprivations (n)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Signified the emergence of&#8230;<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a&#8230;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eliminated (v)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Redundant (adj)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u01b0 th\u1eeba, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u1eefa<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Privileged minority<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extended phase<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Controversial concept<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Welfare (n)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Xem th\u00eam:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/becoming-a-volunteer-for-ace\">Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 Becoming a volunteer for ace (Cam 18, Test 1, Part 2)<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/giai-de-cambridge-ielts-20-listening-test-2\">Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 Cambridge IELTS 20 \u2013 Listening \u2013 Test 2<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/giai-de-cambridge-ielts-20-listening-test-1\">Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 Cambridge IELTS 20 \u2013 Listening \u2013 Test 1<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"III_Giai_chi_tiet_The_Concept_of_Childhood_in_Western_Countries\"><\/span><b>III. Gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7402\" src=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/tom-tat-dap-an-the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries\" width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/tom-tat-dap-an-the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/tom-tat-dap-an-the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/tom-tat-dap-an-the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/blogs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/tom-tat-dap-an-the-concept-of-childhood-in-western-countries-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_1_FALSE\"><\/span><b>Question 1. FALSE<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin: &#8220;&#8230;he concluded that there was no distinction between children and adults for they shared similar leisure activities and work;&#8230;&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Aries k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn chia s\u1ebb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (similar work), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau (different types of work).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_2_FALSE\"><\/span><b>Question 2. FALSE<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin: However, this <\/span><b>does not mean<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> children were n<\/span><b>eglected, forsaken or despised<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, he argued. The idea of childhood corresponds to awareness about the peculiar nature of childhood&#8230; Therefore, the concept of childhood is not to be confused with affection for children.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang &#8220;n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng&#8221; l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang (False) theo n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a Aries.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_3_TRUE\"><\/span><b>Question 3. TRUE<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin:\u00a0 The issue of whether long hours of labouring would interfere with children\u2019s growing bodies began to perplex social reformers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (Paraphrasing):<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Some scientists&#8221; (M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc): Trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 &#8220;social reformers&#8221; (c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 &#8220;nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc&#8221;, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c &#8220;systematic studies&#8221; (nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd (growing bodies). Trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc IELTS, &#8220;social reformers&#8221; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi &#8220;scientists&#8221; trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;overwork might damage the health&#8221; (l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe): Trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 &#8220;long hours of labouring would interfere with children\u2019s growing bodies&#8221; (gi\u1edd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang l\u1edbn). &#8220;Interfere with&#8221; (c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf\/g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u) v\u00e0 &#8220;damage the health&#8221; (l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe) mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 lo l\u1eafng\/b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb em. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n l\u00e0 TRUE.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_4_NOT_GIVEN\"><\/span><b>Question 4. NOT GIVEN<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin: The influence of trade unions and economic changes also contributed to the evolution by leaving some forms of child labour redundant during the 19th century.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n &#8220;c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p&#8221; (also contributed). T\u1eeb &#8220;also&#8221; (c\u0169ng) ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 (c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y &#8211; factory reform v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kinh t\u1ebf &#8211; economic changes).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc KH\u00d4NG n\u00f3i r\u00f5 li\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 &#8220;major&#8221; (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu), &#8220;chief&#8221; (ch\u00ednh), hay l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb &#8220;also contributed&#8221; th\u00e0nh &#8220;majorly contributed&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: V\u00ec b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00f3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 \u0110\u00fang hay Sai. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 NOT GIVEN.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_5_FALSE\"><\/span><b>Question 5. FALSE<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin: The half-time schools established upon the Factory Act of 1833 allowed children to work and attend school. However, a significant proportion of children never attended school in the 1840s, and even if they did, they dropped out by the age of 10 or 11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8220;most children&#8221; (h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft\/ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u1ebb em) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8220;a significant proportion&#8230; never attended&#8221; (m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3&#8230; ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng em \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc s\u1edbm.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vi\u1ec7c &#8220;m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3&#8221; ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111i h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8220;h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: Th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 FALSE.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_6_NOT_GIVEN\"><\/span><b>Question 6. NOT GIVEN<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em ph\u1ea3i \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y. Do th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n l\u00e0 NOT GIVEN.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_7_TRUE\"><\/span><b>Question 7. TRUE<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin: An increasing number of children are being treated as a group with unique needs, and are organised into groups in the light of their age. For instance, teachers need to know some information about what to expect of children in their classrooms, what kinds of instruction are appropriate for different age groups\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (Paraphrasing):<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Nowadays&#8221;: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (&#8220;An increasing number of children are being treated&#8230;&#8221;, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;differentiated and categorised&#8221; (ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i): Trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 &#8220;treated as a group with unique needs, and are organised into groups&#8221; (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;based on how old they are&#8221; (d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i): Trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 &#8220;in the light of their age&#8221; (d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang) v\u00e0 &#8220;appropriate for different age groups&#8221; (ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m tu\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nhau).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_8_history_of_childhood\"><\/span><b>Question 8. history of childhood<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keyword Location: The history of childhood has been a heated topic in social history since the highly influential book Centuries of Childhood\u2019, written by French historian Philippe Aries, emerged in 1960.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8220;L\u1ecbch s\u1eed tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1&#8221; (The history of childhood) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh &#8220;ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng&#8221; (heated topic) k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Philippe Aries xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_9_miniature_adults\"><\/span><b>Question 9. miniature adults<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keyword Location: Historian Philippe Aries asserted that children were regarded as miniature adults, with all the intellect and personality that this implies, in Western Europe during the Middle Ages\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: Aries kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 &#8220;miniature adults&#8221; (ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn thu nh\u1ecf) trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Trung C\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_10_industrialisation\"><\/span><b>Question 10. industrialisation<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keyword Location: In the 18th and 19th centuries, industrialisation created a new demand for child labour; thus many children were forced to work for a long time in mines, workshops and factories.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00eau r\u00f5 &#8220;industrialisation&#8221; (c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra &#8220;new demand for child labour&#8221; (nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ebb em) trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_11_the_Factory_Act\"><\/span><b>Question 11. the Factory Act<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keyword Location: For example, in Britain, the Factory Act of 1833 signified the emergence of legal protection of children from exploitation and was also associated with the rise of schools for factory children.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 ra \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u0103m 1833 (Factory Act of 1833) l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd d\u00e0nh cho tr\u1ebb em kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_12_play_and_education\"><\/span><b>Question 12. play and education<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keyword Location:&#8230;and childhood was deemed to be a time for play and education for all children instead of a privileged minority.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00eau r\u00f5 &#8220;tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho &#8216;play and education&#8217; (vui ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c) cho &#8216;all children&#8217; (t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em) thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Question_13_classroom\"><\/span><b>Question 13. classroom<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Keyword Location: Once in school, children\u2019s lives could be separated from domestic life and the adult world of work. In this way, school turns into an institution dedicated to shaping the minds, behaviour and morals of the young. Besides, education dominated the management of children\u2019s waking hours through the hours spent in the classroom, homework (the growth of \u2018after school\u2019 activities), and the importance attached to parental involvement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c chi ph\u1ed1i th\u1eddi gian th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em &#8220;through the hours spent in the classroom&#8221; (th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd d\u00e0nh ra trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb em \u1edf l\u1ea1i.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft cho IELTS Reading Actual Test Vol 6 Test 1, Passage 1: The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries. Hy v\u1ecdng n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n thi. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/thecatalyst.edu.vn\/khoa-hoc-ielts\"><strong>kho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc IELTS<\/strong><\/a> t\u1ea1i TCE th\u00ec \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chi ti\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IELTS Recent Actual Tests Vol 6 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n luy\u1ec7n thi IELTS tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y The Catalyst for English s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft cho b\u00e0i Reading Test 1, Passage 1: The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":7401,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,51,42],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.0 (Yoast SEO v22.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 Reading Test 1 The Concept of Childhood in Western Countries trong b\u1ed9 IELTS Recent Actual Tests Vol 6 c\u00f9ng The Catalyst for English.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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V\u1edbi h\u01a1n 7 n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chinh ph\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfng Anh, IELTS v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111i\u1ec3m Overall 8.5, m\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n mong mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao. T\u1ea1i The Catalyst for English, m\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t 3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: Connected \u2013 Disciplined \u2013 Goal-oriented (K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u2013 K\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt \u2013 H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3) l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. 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